如果你不知道递推式
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如果你不知道递推式
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zhang_sans楼主2024/10/9 18:50

那就看看(正好与定义中的时间复杂度 O(n3)O(n^3) 一致):

[b1b2b3⋮bn]÷[a1,1a1,2a1,3⋯a1,na2,1⋱⋮a3,1⋱⋮⋮⋱⋮an,1⋯⋯⋯an,n]=[[b1−a1,nbnan,nb2−a2,nbnan,nb3−a3,nbnan,n⋮bn−1−an−1,nan,n]÷[a1,1−a1,nan,1an,na1,2−a1,nan,2an,na1,3−a1,nan,3an,n⋯a1,n−1−a1,nan,n−1an,na2,1−a2,nan,1an,n⋱⋮a3,1−a3,nan,1an,n⋱⋮⋮⋱⋮an−1,1−an−1,nan,1an,n⋯⋯⋯an−1,n−1−an−1,nan,n−1an,n]bn−∑i=1n−1an,i([b1−a1,nbnan,nb2−a2,nbnan,nb3−a3,nbnan,n⋮bn−1−an−1,nan,n]÷[a1,1−a1,nan,1an,na1,2−a1,nan,2an,na1,3−a1,nan,3an,n⋯a1,n−1−a1,nan,n−1an,na2,1−a2,nan,1an,n⋱⋮a3,1−a3,nan,1an,n⋱⋮⋮⋱⋮an−1,1−an−1,nan,1an,n⋯⋯⋯an−1,n−1−an−1,nan,n−1an,n])ian,n]\begin{bmatrix} b_1\\b_2\\b_3\\\vdots\\b_n \end{bmatrix} \div \begin{bmatrix} a_{1,1} & a_{1,2} & a_{1,3} &\cdots & a_{1,n}\\ a_{2,1} &\ddots & & & \vdots\\ a_{3,1} & & \ddots & & \vdots\\ \vdots & & & \ddots & \vdots\\ a_{n,1} & \cdots & \cdots & \cdots & a_{n,n} \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} b_1-\frac{a_{1,n}b_n}{a_{n,n}}\\ b_2-\frac{a_{2,n}b_n}{a_{n,n}} \\b_3-\frac{a_{3,n}b_n}{a_{n,n}} \\\vdots \\b_{n-1}-\frac{a_{n-1,n}}{a_{n,n}} \end{bmatrix} \div \begin{bmatrix} a_{1,1}-\frac{a_{1,n}a_{n,1}}{a_{n,n}} & a_{1,2}-\frac{a_{1,n}a_{n,2}}{a_{n,n}} & a_{1,3}-\frac{a_{1,n}a_{n,3}}{a_{n,n}} &\cdots & a_{1,n-1}-\frac{a_{1,n}a_{n,n-1}}{a_{n,n}}\\ a_{2,1}-\frac{a_{2,n}a_{n,1}}{a_{n,n}} &\ddots & & & \vdots\\ a_{3,1}-\frac{a_{3,n}a_{n,1}}{a_{n,n}} & & \ddots & & \vdots\\ \vdots & & & \ddots & \vdots\\ a_{n-1,1}-\frac{a_{n-1,n}a_{n,1}}{a_{n,n}} & \cdots & \cdots & \cdots & a_{n-1,n-1}-\frac{a_{n-1,n}a_{n,n-1}}{a_{n,n}} \end{bmatrix}\\ \frac{b_n-\sum_{i=1}^{n-1}a_{n,i}\left( \begin{bmatrix} b_1-\frac{a_{1,n}b_n}{a_{n,n}}\\ b_2-\frac{a_{2,n}b_n}{a_{n,n}} \\b_3-\frac{a_{3,n}b_n}{a_{n,n}} \\\vdots \\b_{n-1}-\frac{a_{n-1,n}}{a_{n,n}} \end{bmatrix} \div \begin{bmatrix} a_{1,1}-\frac{a_{1,n}a_{n,1}}{a_{n,n}} & a_{1,2}-\frac{a_{1,n}a_{n,2}}{a_{n,n}} & a_{1,3}-\frac{a_{1,n}a_{n,3}}{a_{n,n}} &\cdots & a_{1,n-1}-\frac{a_{1,n}a_{n,n-1}}{a_{n,n}}\\ a_{2,1}-\frac{a_{2,n}a_{n,1}}{a_{n,n}} &\ddots & & & \vdots\\ a_{3,1}-\frac{a_{3,n}a_{n,1}}{a_{n,n}} & & \ddots & & \vdots\\ \vdots & & & \ddots & \vdots\\ a_{n-1,1}-\frac{a_{n-1,n}a_{n,1}}{a_{n,n}} & \cdots & \cdots & \cdots & a_{n-1,n-1}-\frac{a_{n-1,n}a_{n,n-1}}{a_{n,n}} \end{bmatrix} \right)_i} {a_{n,n}} \end{bmatrix}

其中,左边表示一个线性方程组的解,即:

{a1,1x1+a1,2x2⋯+a1,nxn=bn⋯(懒得写了)\begin{cases} a_{1,1}x_1+a_{1,2}x_2\cdots+a_{1,n}x_n=b_n\\ \cdots\\ (懒得写了) \end{cases}
2024/10/9 18:50
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