#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

#define mod 998244353
#define N 100010
#define LL long long

int n,t,k;
LL g[N],f[N];//不满足要求，满足要求 

int main(){
	scanf("%d",&t);
	g[1]=1,f[1]=8;
	for(int i=2;i<=N;i++){
		f[i]=(9*f[i-1]+g[i-1])%mod;
		g[i]=(9*g[i-1]+f[i-1])%mod;
	} 
	while(t--){
		scanf("%d%d",&n,&k);
		if(n==1){
			printf("9\n");
			continue;
		}
		printf("%lld\n",f[n]%mod);
	}
	
	return 0;
}