#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#define int long long
using namespace std;
signed main()
{
	int n , a[100005] , b[100005] , c[100005] , d[100005];
	cin >> n;
	c[1] = 8 , d[1] = 1;
	for(int i = 2;i <= 100000;i++)
	{
		c[i] = c[i - 1] * 9 + d[i - 1];
		d[i] = d[i - 1] * 9 + c[i - 1];
        c[i] %= 998244353;
        d[i] %= 998244353;
	}
	for(int i = 1;i <= n;i++)
	{
		cin >> a[i] >> b[i];
		if(a[i] == 1)
		{
			cout << "9" << endl;
		}
		else
		{
			cout << c[a[i]] % 998244353 << endl;
		}
	}
    return 0;
}